PRAYATNA
Cognitive Profile: Relative strengths and weaknesses of a person on various perceptual and psychological skills such as visual sequential memory, auditory discrimination, fine-motor co-ordination etc. Usually assessed by standardised tests that provide scores that indicate a person's level of competence on each skill compared to peers of the same age.
Orthographic Awareness: Fluency with which spelling patterns are perceived in print. When words are read "orthographically", they are recognised visually and are not decoded or "sounded out".
Phonological Awareness: Sensitivity to sound segments of speech. Includes ability to discern number of sounds in a word, manipulate sounds to form new words etc.
Phonemes: Smallest sound units in a language that make a difference to meaning. For example, in English /p/ and /b/ are two phonemes as the substitution of one phoneme for the other alters the meaning of a word (pat vs. bat)
Rimes: Every syllable consists of a vowel or vocalic nucleus. The letters preceding the vowel constitute its onset; the vowel and the consonants that follow the vowel constitute the rime.
SYLLABLE | ONSET | RIME |
bat | b- | -at |
chat | ch- | -at |
sprain | spr | -ain |